Background & Objectives: Hearing impairment is the most common sensory–, neurological defect in individuals. Core stability is the motor control and muscle capacity of the central area of the body to maintain stability in various postures and external forces. Total Resistance Exercise (TRE) is often used to improve muscle strength and performance in athletes, the rehabilitation of orthopedic diseases, and prevent muscle weakness. An essential factor in preserving the posture in individuals with hearing impairment is to reduce the level of imbalance. Due to reduced balance in this population and the lack of research on TRE, this study aimed to compare the effects of 8 weeks of suspended training and core stability training on the trunk flexor and extensor muscles endurance in adolescents with hearing impairment. Methods: This was a quasi–, experimental study with a pretest–, posttest design. The statistical population of the study included all hearing–,impaired students in Bandar Abbas City, Iran. Considering the limited size of the population, 12 students with severe hearing impairment were selected as the statistical sample of the study, whose extent of hearing impairment ranged between 71 dB and 90 dB. These students were purposively selected and divided into two groups of 10 by simple random sampling method, as follows: the group of suspended exercises (n=10,mean±, SD age=14. 91±, 1. 24 years) and a core stability exercise group (n=10,mean±, SD age=14. 66±, 1. 23 years). The inclusion criteria of the study were male gender (due to their availability, compared to girls), the age of 12–, 14 years, and no sports background. The exclusion criterion of the study was not to practice and leave the training sessions. In this study, Biering–, Sorenson Test and Sit Ups Test were used before and after 8 weeks of training in the research groups. Experimental group 1 performed a weekly TRX training program and experimental group 2 performed core stability exercises under an instructor for 8 weeks and three 40–, min weekly sessions. Then, after completing the training, the posttest phase was performed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study variables. Inferential statistics, including the Independent Samples t–, test and Dependent Samples t–, test, were applied in SPSS to compare the mean scores of the study variables between the study groups. The significance level of the tests was considered 0. 05. Results: The mean±, SD pretest and posttest sit–, ups in the TRX exercise group equaled 15. 67±, 4. 69 and 21. 58±, 6. 28 times per minute, respectively. TRX exercises were effective in increasing the sit–, ups (p<0. 001). The mean±, SD pretest and posttest sit–, ups in the core stability exercises group were measured as 16. 41±, 4. 75 and 23. 41±, 5. 45, in sequence. Core stability exercises were effective in increasing the sit–, ups (p<0. 001). Concerning an increase in the strength of the trunk muscles, there was no significant difference between the exercise methods (p=0. 313). Furthermore, the mean±, SD Sorenson test time in the TRX exercise group was 33. 41±, 7. 9 seconds before the intervention and 39. 25±, 6. 62 seconds after the intervention. The method of TRX exercises was effective in increasing the time of trunk flexor muscle endurance (p<0. 001). The mean Biering–, Sorenson Test time in the core stability group at pretest and posttest was 31. 58±, 9. 25 seconds and 37. 75±, 6. 95 seconds, respectively. The core stability exercises effectively increased the time of trunk flexor muscle endurance (p<0. 001). The exercise methods' performance respecting increasing the time of the trunk flexor muscle endurance revealed no significant difference between the research methods (p=0. 251). Conclusion: According to the present study findings, participation in 8 weeks of core stability exercises and suspension exercises increased the endurance of trunk flexor and extensor muscles in hearing–, impaired adolescents,there was no significant difference between the exercise groups.

Purpose: The elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis who developed end-stage renal failure are at higher risk for falling and its critical outcomes compared with their healthy counterparts due to of poor balance, reduced muscle endurance, and sedentary lifestyle. The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of selected core stability exercises on balance and muscle endurance in the elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: In the current quasi-experimental study, a total of 30 patients undergoing hemodialysis with the mean age of 62.24±6.51 years, the mean hemodialysis duration of 29.4±18.44 months, and the history of falling at least once during the last year were selected using the purposive convenience sampling method and then, the subjects were randomly allocated into 2 groups of intervention (n=15) and control (n=15). To assess the static balance, dynamic balance, and muscle endurance in the patients, the stork stand test, the timed Up and Go test (TUG), and the sit-to-stand-to-sit test for 60 seconds (STS-60) were used, respectively. The selected core stability exercises were performed for the intervention group in 6 weeks, three 45-minute sessions per week. To analyze data, the repeated measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA) with SPSS version 22 was used; P<0.05 was considered the level of significance.Results: Results of the current study indicated significant differences between the groups in terms of static balance, dynamic balance, and muscle endurance (P<0.001). In other words, the implemented exercises significantly affected the studied variables.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the therapists can suggest the core stability exercises as a safe and functional strategy to improve balance and muscle endurance in patients undergoing hemodialysis, which may result in increased independence of action and reduced risk of falling due to loss of balance.

Background and Aims: Core stability and strengthening core stability muscles have become one of the new topics in the field of sports medicine. The present study aims to compare the effects of eight weeks of TRX and CXWORX exercises on core endurance, trunk muscle strength, and dynamic balance of female college students. Methods: This quasi-experiment study was conducted on 30 young healthy female college students. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups of TRX (n=10), CXWORX (n=10) and one control group (n=10). In the pre-test phase, trunk muscle strength was evaluated by sit-up test, dynamic balance by Y-balance test, and core endurance by McGill core endurance test. Then, experimental groups performed eight weeks of selected training program, 3 sessions per week, while the control group was asked to do their daily activities. After intervention, the three groups underwent post-test assessments. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to investigate the normality of data distribution, and repeated measured ANOVA was used to compare data. The significance level was set at P≤ 0. 05. Results: Both TRX and CXWORX had a positive effect on the participants’ trunk muscle strength, core endurance, and dynamic balance such that their mean scores increased after training. The TRX group performed better than the CXWORX group in all study variables (P≤ 0. 05), except for the Y balance at the anterior direction. Conclusion: Both TRX and CXWORX exercises have positive effects on the trunk muscle strength, core endurance, and dynamic balance of female college students, where the effect of TRX was greater. Therefore, occupational therapists and trainers are recommended to use both exercises, especially TRX to improve core muscle strength and endurance.

Introduction: Nowadays, urinary incontinence is a common problem among women. Kegel and core stability exercises might be effective in the treatment of urinary incontinence and its complications. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of core stability exercises and pelvic muscle exerciser on pelvic floor muscle strength, quality of life, and sexual satisfaction in women with urinary incontinence and uterine prolapse. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design. The paticipants were30 women with the urinary incontinence who were selected using purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the pretest and posttest, participants filled out the Larson's Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (LSSQ) and Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (IQOL), their pelvic muscle strength was measured using a pelvic biofeedback device, and intensity of urinary incontinence by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Experimental group performed the core stability exercises for eight weeks (three sessions of 30 min per week) and used Pelvic Muscle Exerciser XFT-200. Control group continued their routine daily activities. Results: Ten people from each group completed the follow-up and were analyzed. Findings suggested that core stability exercises and using pelvic muscle exerciser had a significant effect on the avoidance of severe urinary incontinence (P<0. 01), pelvic floor muscle contraction strength (P<0. 01), quality of life (P<0. 01), sexual compatibility (P<0. 01) and quality of sexual life (P<0. 01) and have there was no significant effect on the desire to have sex (P>0. 05) and sexual attitude (P>0. 05). Conclusion: It appears that core stability exercises in women with urinary incontinence could strengthen pelvic floor muscles and improve uterine prolapse in these people. In addition, handling the symptoms of urinary incontinence may improve the variables of quality of life in women with uterine prolapse and urinary incontinence.